Purchase Requisitions en S4hana

Estoy leyendo el libro "Material Management with SAP S4Hana - Business Processes and Configuration", la verdad muy pero muy completo. Permite tener una idea global del poder que tenemos disponible en la empresa con SAP MM con la última versión de SAP S/4 Hana. Es un libro de configuración, y aunque está en inglés, es muy intuitivo. (Esto último lo digo para quienes, como yo, no hablamos inglés a nivel bilingüe).

Solicitudes de Compra

Una solicitud de compra es procedimiento por el cual los usuarios o departamentos pueden solicitar la compra de bienes y servicios. Una solicitud de compra puede ser ingresada manualmente por un usuario o puede generarse automáticamente como resultado de una demanda de planificación de necesidades de materiales, proceso más conocido como MRP.

La solicitud de compra no contiene un proveedor y generalmente no se imprime porque es un documento interno de la empresa. En el capítulo que compartiremos aquí, se cubren los conceptos básicos de configuración para crear un nuevo tipo de documento de una solicitud de pedido y asignar un rango de números recién definido. 

El tipo de documento de solicitud de compra configurado se pone a prueba en los procesos comerciales asociados, incluida la creación de solicitudes de compra con un material y sin material. 

Este capítulo cubre el proceso de aprobación de la solicitud de compra (conocido como el procedimiento de liberación). Ambos tipos de procedimientos de publicación, con y sin clasificación, están cubiertos, incluidos los conceptos básicos de configuración, datos maestros y procesos de negocios.

Purchase Requisitions en S4Hana

Los puntos que se analizan en este documento son:

• Configuring a New Purchase Requisition Document Type
• Defining a Number Range
• Defining Document Types
• Creating a Purchase Requisition with a Material Master Record
• Creating a Purchase Requisition without a Material Master Record
• Processing a Purchase Requisition
• Changing a Purchase Requisition
• Displaying a Purchase Requisition
• Closing a Purchase Requisition
• Follow-On Functions
• Indirectly Created Requisitions
• Purchase Requisition Created by Production Order
• Purchase Requisition Created by Plant Maintenance Order
• Purchase Requisition Created by Project System
• Purchase Requisition Created by Materials Planning
• Release Procedures
• Release Procedures without Classification
• Release Procedures with Classification

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Materials Management with SAP S/4HANA

Business Processes and Configuration

Para que se den una idea, el libro completo del SAP Press (www.sap-press.com/4711) tiene toda esta información:

• Materials Management Overview
• What Is Materials Management?
• Materials Management in SAP S4HANA
• Materials Management in Logistics
• Materials Management Integration
• The Material Flow of the Supply Chain
• The Information Flow of the Supply Chain
• The Financial Flow of the Supply Chain
• Organizational Structure
• Mapping Business Functions of a Company in the SAP System
• Client Structure in the SAP System
• What Is a Client?
• Clients in the SAP Landscape
• Change and Transport System
• Company Code
• What Is a Company?
• Creating a Company Code
• Plants
• What Is a Plant?
• Prerequisites for a Plant
• Defining a Plant
• Valuation Level
• Assigning a Plant to a Company Code
• Storage Locations
• What Is a Storage Location?
• Defining a Storage Location
• Automatic Creation of Storage Locations
• Purchasing Organization
• What Is a Purchasing Organization?
• Types of Purchasing Organizations
• Creating a Purchasing Organization
• Assigning a Purchasing Organization to a Company Code
• Assigning a Purchasing Organization to a Plant
• Assigning a Purchasing Organization to a Reference Purchasing Organization
• Purchasing Groups
• SAP Calendar
• Public Holidays
• Holiday Calendar
• Factory Calendar
• Configuring the Material Master
• Material Master
• Configuring a New Material Type
• Defining a Number Range for a Material Type
• Defining Field Selections
• Configuring an Industry Sector
• Defining Material Groups
• Configuring a New Unit of Measure
• Validating the Correctness of Configurable Objects
• Material Master Data: Part 1
• Industry Sector
• Material Type
• Standard Material Types
• Configuring Material Types
• Changing a Material Type
• Basic Data
• Creating a Material Master Record: Immediately
• Creating a Material Master Record: Schedule
• Creating a Material Master Record: Special
• Selecting Views
• Organizational Levels
• Basic Data Tabs
• Classification Data
• Class Type
• Classes
• Characteristics
• Purchasing Data
• General Data
• Purchasing Value Key
• Other Data Manufacturer Data
• Foreign Trade Data
• Origin EU Market Organization Preferences
• Legal Control
• Sales Organizational Data
• General Data
• Tax Data
• Quantity Stipulations
• Grouping Items
• Material Groups
• Product Attributes
• Sales General Data
• General Data
• Shipping Data
• General Plant Parameters
• Material Requirements Planning Data
• General Data
• Material Requirements Planning Procedure
• Lot Size Data
• Procurement
• Scheduling
• Net Requirements Calculations
• Forecast Requirements
• Planning
• Availability Check
• Bill of Materials Explosion Dependent Requirements
• Discontinued Parts
• Repetitive Manufacturing Assembly Deployment Strategy
• Material Master Data: Part 2
• Advanced Planning Data
• Procurement PP-DS
• Demand
• Lot Size
• Goods Receipt Goods Issue
• Location-Dependent Shelf Life
• Forecasting Data
• General Data
• Number of Periods Required
• Control Data
• Work Scheduling Data
• General Data
• Tolerance Data
• In-House Production Time in Days
• Production ResourcesTools Data
• General Data
• Default Values for Task List Assignment
• Plant DataStorage Location
• General Data
• Shelf Life Data
• Warehouse Management Data
• General Data
• Storage Strategies
• Palletization Data
• Storage Bin Stock
• Quality Management Data
• General Data
• Procurement Data
• Accounting Data
• General Data
• General Valuation Data
• Determination of Lowest Value
• Last In First Out Data
• Costing Data
• General Data
• Quantity Structure Data
• Standard Cost Estimate
• Planned Prices
• Business Partners
• Configuring Vendor Account Groups (Financial Accounting)
• Vendor Account Groups (Financial Accounting)
• Number Ranges for Vendor Account Group
• Assigning Number Ranges to Vendor Account Groups
• Configuring a Business Partner
• Defining and Assigning Number Ranges
• Defining Business Partner Role Categories
• Field Attributes for Business Partner Role Category
• CustomerVendor Integration
• Setting the Business Partner Role Category for Business Partner to Vendor
• Defining the Business Partner Role for Vendor to Business Partner
• Defining Number Assignments for Business Partner to Vendor
• Defining Number Assignments for Vendor to Business Partner
• Additional Business Partner Configurations
• Business Partner Types
• Partner Functions
• Vendor Subrange Functionality
• Maintaining a Business Partner
• Business Partner General Data
• Extending Business Partner as FI Vendors
• Extending Business Partners for Purchasing
• Sales Data
• Maintaining Business Partner Relationships
• Purchasing Information Record
• Purchasing General Data
• Creating a Purchasing Information Record
• Creating a Purchasing Information Record with a Material Number
• Creating a Purchasing Information Record without a Material Number
• General Data Screen
• Purchasing Organization Data
• Conditions
• Validity
• Text Screen
• Statistical Data
• Batch Management Data
• Batch Management Overview
• Batch Level and Batch Status Management
• Defining the Batch Level
• Batch Number Assignment
• Creating New Batches in the Production Process
• Batch Creation for Goods Movement
• Master Data in Batch Management
• Activating Batch Management in the Material Master
• Batch Classification
• Assigning Classification in the Material Master
• Business Processes of Batch Management
• Creating the Batch Master Manually
• Changing a Batch
• Deleting a Batch
• Automatic Creation of a Batch in Goods Movement
• Stock Overview
• Batch Determination
• Defining Condition Tables
• Defining the Access Sequence
• Defining Strategy Types
• Defining the Batch Search Procedure
• Batch Search Procedure Allocation
• Creating a Sort Sequence
• Maintaining Condition Records
• Business Process of Batch Determination
• Recurring Inspection and Expiration Dates
• Quality Management Master Data Checklist
• Business Processes
• Batch Derivation
• Configuration Basics: Batch Derivation
• Classification in the Material Master
• Batch Derivation: Receiver Material
• Business Processes in Batch Derivation
• Process Order and Sender Material Assignment
• Reporting of Batch Derivation
• Batch Traceability of Work in Process Batches
• Configuration Settings
• Master Data Setup
• Business Processes for Work in Process Batches
• Work in Progress Batch Reporting
• Batch Information Cockpit
• Electronic Batch Record
• Purchasing Overview
• Purchase Requisitions
• Requests for Quotation
• Quotations
• Purchase Orders
• Source Lists and Source Determination
• Single Sourcing
• Multisourcing
• Generate a Source List
• Source Determination
• Conditions in Purchasing
• Condition Processing
• Pricing Conditions
• Taxes
• Delivery Costs
• Purchasing Information Records
• Purchasing Information Record for a Nonstock Material
• Purchasing Information Record Numbering
• Purchasing Information Record Screen Layout
• Serial Numbers
• Serial Number Profiles
• Serializing Procedures
• Quota Arrangements
• Purchase Requisitions
• Configuring a New Purchase Requisition Document Type
• Defining a Number Range
• Defining Document Types
• Creating a Purchase Requisition with a Material Master Record
• Creating a Purchase Requisition without a Material Master Record
• Processing a Purchase Requisition
• Changing a Purchase Requisition
• Displaying a Purchase Requisition
• Closing a Purchase Requisition
• Follow-On Functions
• Indirectly Created Requisitions
• Purchase Requisition Created by Production Order
• Purchase Requisition Created by Plant Maintenance Order
• Purchase Requisition Created by Project System
• Purchase Requisition Created by Materials Planning
• Release Procedures
• Release Procedures without Classification
• Release Procedures with Classification
• Requests for Quotation
• Creating a Request for Quotation
• Request for Quotation Type
• Request for Quotation Date
• Quotation Deadline
• Request for Quotation Document Number
• Organizational Data
• Default Data for Items
• Collective Number
• Validity StartValidity End
• Apply By
• Binding Period
• Reference Data
• Request for Quotation Item Detail
• Request for Quotation Delivery Schedule
• Additional Data
• Vendor Selection
• Changing a Request for Quotation
• Releasing a Request for Quotation
• Issuing a Request for Quotation to a Vendor
• Maintaining Quotations
• Comparing Quotations
• Price Comparison Factor in Quotations
• Other Qualitative Factors in Quotations
• Rejecting Quotations
• Flagging the Quotation as Rejected
• Printing the Quotation Rejection
• Advising Unsuccessful Bidders
• Purchase Orders
• Creating and Maintaining a Purchase Order
• Purchase Order Creation
• Purchase Order Maintenance
• Blocking and Canceling a Purchase Order
• Blocking a Purchase Order Line Item
• Canceling a Purchase Order Line Item
• Creating a Purchase Order with Reference to Purchasing Documents
• Account Assignment in a Purchase Order
• Account Assignment Categories
• Single Account Assignment
• Multiple Account Assignment
• Automatically Create POs from Purchase Requisitions
• Progress Tracking
• Configuration Basics
• Business Processes
• Evaluation
• Outline Purchase Agreements
• Scheduling Agreements
• Contracts
• Supplier Confirmation
• Supplier Confirmation Overview
• Confirmation Configuration
• Master Data Maintenance of Confirmation Control
• Business Processes of Supplier Confirmation
• Monitoring Supplier Confirmations
• Messages and Output
• How Message Determination Works
• Configuration Steps
• Maintaining Condition Records
• Creating a Purchase Order
• Pricing Procedures
• Business Processes
• Configuration Basics
• Supplier Evaluation
• Configuration Basics
• Master Data Maintenance
• Business Processes
• Calculating Scores
• Serial Numbers in Purchasing
• Configuration Steps
• Business Processes
• External Services Management
• Service Master Record
• MaterialService Group
• Tax Indicator
• Valuation Class
• Formula
• Graphic
• Standard Service Catalog
• Conditions in External Services Management
• Procurement of Services
• Entry of Services
• Blanket Purchase Orders
• Configuration Basics of External Services Management
• Special Procurement Types
• Overview
• Direct Procurement
• Stock Transfers (Interplant Transfers)
• Withdrawals from an Alternative Plant
• Subcontracting
• Production Version
• Production Version: Mass Processing
• Business Processes in Subcontracting
• Consignment
• Pipeline Material
• Simplified Sourcing
• Source of Supply without a Source List
• Simplified Sourcing with Quota Arrangement
• Simplified Sourcing with a Scheduling Agreement or a Contract
• Simplified Sourcing for Internal Procurement
• Material Requirements Planning
• Process Overview
• Material Requirements Planning Elements
• Material Requirements Planning Types
• Lot-Sizing Procedures
• Scrap
• Safety Stock
• Scheduling
• Net Requirements Calculation Logic
• Procurement Proposals
• Material Requirements Planning Procedures
• Consumption-Based Planning
• Forecast-Based Consumption Planning
• Types of Planning Runs
• MRP Live
• StockRequirements List
• Planning Areas
• Configuration
• Setting Up in the Material Master
• Running MRP at the Planning Area Level
• Planning Results
• Classic MRP
• Configuration Settings
• Material Requirements Planning Activation
• Plant Parameters Configuration
• Material Requirements Planning Group Configuration
• Planning Calendar
• Forecasting
• Forecast Models
• Constant Model
• Trend Model
• Seasonal Model
• Seasonal Trend Model
• Forecasting Master Data
• Forecast Profile
• Business Processes in Forecasting
• Executing Forecast
• Executing Material Requirements Planning
• Forecasting Using External Data
• Configuration Settings for Forecasting
• MRP Types
• Weighting Group
• Splitting Indicator
• Inventory Management Overview
• Goods Movements
• Stock Overview
• Warehouse Stock of Materials
• Material Document
• Movement Types
• Goods Issue
• Goods Receipt
• Physical Inventory
• Returns
• Creating a Return
• Configuring Reason for Movement
• Material Documents
• Reservations
• Creating a Manual Reservation
• Automatic Creation of Reservation
• Material Requirements Planning and Reservations
• Reservations Management Program
• Configuration Settings of Reservations
• Pick List
• Stock Transfers
• Transfer between Storage Locations
• Transfer between Plants
• Transfer between Storage Locations
• Transfer between Plants Using Transaction MIGO_TR
• Transfer between Company Codes
• Additional Transfer Posting Scenarios
• Configuration Basics in Inventory Management
• Goods Issue
• Goods Issue to a Production Order
• Planned Goods Issue
• Unplanned Goods Issue
• Backflushing
• Goods Issue to Scrap
• Goods Issue for Sampling
• Goods Issue Postings
• Material Documents
• Accounting Documents
• Goods Issue Slips
• Stock Changes
• General Ledger Account Changes
• Goods Issue Reversals
• Goods Receipt for a Purchase Order
• Goods Receipt with a Known Purchase Order Number
• Goods Receipt with an Unknown Purchase Order Number
• Goods Receipt Posting
• Goods Receipt for a Production Order
• Initial Entry of Inventory
• Good Receipt of Co-Products or By-Products
• Check in Material Master
• Bill of Materials
• Process Order
• Confirmation
• Goods Receipt
• Documented Goods Movement
• Cost Analysis
• Other Goods Receipts
• Goods Receipt without a Production Order
• Goods Receipt for Free Goods
• Goods Receipt for Returnable Transport Packaging
• Automatic Goods Receipt
• Physical Inventory
• Physical Inventory Methods
• Physical Inventory Preparation
• Preparations for a Physical Inventory Count
• Creating the Physical Inventory Count Document
• Printing the Physical Inventory Count Document
• Counting and Recounts
• Entering the Count
• Difference List
• Missing Material
• Recounts
• Physical Inventory Posting
• Posting the Count Document
• Posting a Count without a Document
• Accounting of Inventory Differences
• Cycle Counting Method of Physical Inventory
• Configuration Basics
• Business Processes
• Invoice Verification
• Standard Three-Way Match
• Entering an Invoice
• Simulating a Posting
• Invoice Posting
• Invoice Parking
• Duplicate Invoice Check
• Evaluated Receipt Settlement
• Master Data
• Business Processes in ERS
• Credit Memos and Reversals
• Taxes in Invoice Verification
• Goods ReceiptInvoice Receipt Account Maintenance
• Invoice Reduction
• Tolerance Limits
• Variances
• Tolerance Keys
• Supplier-Specific Tolerance
• Blocking Invoices
• Manual Block
• Stochastic or Random Block
• Block Due to an Amount of an Invoice Item
• Releasing Blocked Invoices
• Down Payments
• Creating a Purchase Order with a Down Payment
• Monitoring Down Payments
• Creating a Down Payment Request
• Purchase Order with Down Payment History
• Invoice Verification with Down Payment
• Retention Money
• Inventory Valuation and Account Assignment
• Split Valuation
• Configuration Steps
• Master Data
• Business Processes
• Reports of Split-Valuated Materials
• Account Determination
• Configuration with the Automatic Account Determination Wizard
• Configuration without the Automatic Account Determination Wizard
• Master Data Setup
• Troubleshooting Errors
• Last In First Out Valuation
• Configuration
• Preparation
• Running a Last In First Out Valuation
• First In First Out Valuation
• Configuration
• Preparation
• Running a First In First Out Valuation
• Lowest Value Determination
• Lowest Value Determination Based on Market Prices
• Lowest Value Determination Based on Range of Coverage
• Lowest Value Determination Based on Movement Rate
• Material Price Changes
• Price Changes in the Current Posting Period
• Price Changes Not Carried Over
• Price Changes Carried Over
• Business Process
• Configuration Steps for Price Changes in the Previous Period Year
• Material Ledger
• Material Ledger Overview
• Business Processes
• Inventory Valuation Method
• Material Price Determination
• Multiple Currencies
• Price Differences
• Debit and Credit of a Material
• Configuration Basics
• Activating Valuation Areas
• Assigning Currency Types
• Maintaining Number Ranges for Material Ledger Documents
• Automatic Account Determination
• Activating the Material Ledger
• Reporting in the Material Ledger
• Classification Overview
• What Is the SAP S4HANA Classification System?
• Describing an Object
• Characteristics
• Creating Characteristics
• Configuring Characteristics
• Classes
• Creating Classes
• Class Types
• Class Hierarchies
• Object Dependencies
• Finding Objects Using Classification
• Classifying Materials
• Classifying Objects
• Finding Objects
• Configuration Steps
• Defining a New Number Range
• Defining the Document Type
• Document Status
• Object Links
• Document Info Record
• Creating a Document
• New Version of DIR
• Assigning Originals to DIR
• Document Hierarchy
• Assigning Object Links
• Additional Functionality
• Additional Data (Classification System)
• Long Texts
• Search Functions
• Document Distribution
• Distribution Lists
• Document Management in Batches
• Overview
• Early Warning System Setup
• Creating Exceptions
• Group Exceptions
• Setting Up Periodic Analysis
• Scheduling an Early Warning System
• Early Warning System in Action
• Exception Analysis
• Reporting and Analytics
• The Basics of Reporting
• Purchasing Reports
• Purchasing Documents
• Multiple Selection
• Report Output
• Downloading
• Copying Selective Data to Microsoft Excel
• Printing
• Maintaining Selections
• Maintaining Variants
• PO History
• Standard Analyses: Purchasing
• Standard Analyses in Materials Management
• Key Figures
• Other Info Structures
• Standard Analysis: ABC Analysis
• Standard Analyses: Inventory Management
• Inventory Turnover
• Dead Stock
• Slow-Moving Items
• Range of Coverage
• Stock Value
• Usage Value
• Requirement Value
• SAP Fiori Apps
• Monitor Material Coverage
• Inventory Turnover Analysis
• Manage Stock
• Material Documents Overview
• Material Stocks on Posting Date
• Supplier Evaluation by Time
• Purchasing Group Activities
• SAP Fiori Library